A systematic review in Sleep and Biological Rhythms examines the biological mechanisms by which EMFs interact with circadian rhythms. The most robust evidence involves melatonin suppression in animal studies and changes to sleep architecture, though the clinical relevance for humans under typical environmental exposure conditions remains uncertain.
"This systematic review examines the biological mechanisms underlying EMF-circadian interactions to inform evidence-based public health policies."
"The most robust evidence involves melatonin suppression (88% of high-quality animal studies) and sleep architecture changes."
"The magnitude of melatonin suppression (20-50%) is substantially lower than light-induced effects (> 90%), raising questions about clinical significance."
"The findings highlight critical evidence gaps and underscore the need for well-controlled studies with standardized protocols, rigorous designs, and comprehensive circadian assessment to clarify public health implications of chronic EMF exposure."
Sleep and Biological Rhythms Journal Level 1ⓘ
