Peer-reviewed research finds non-thermal 3.5 GHz radiofrequency—a mid-band 5G frequency—causes oxidative stress and programmed cell death in sensory neurons under controlled laboratory conditions.
"RF-EMF caused a significant, time-dependent reduction in viability with robust ROS elevations; increased Bax and caspase-3; decreased Bcl-2; and cytochrome c release, with maximal effects at 12-24 h."
"Under non-thermal conditions, 3.5 GHz RF-EMF perturbs redox balance and triggers mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in DRG neurons, highlighting peripheral neuronal vulnerability to mid-band exposures."
"These findings provide a mechanistic link between RF exposure and oxidative/apoptotic pathways and warrant in vivo studies assessing long-term and interventional outcomes."