A new preprint finds pronounced sexual dimorphism in mice exposed to 3.2 GHz pulsed electromagnetic radiation: males suffered severe spermatogenic impairment while females showed marked neurobehavioral deficits including anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment.
"Male mice exhibited a primary vulnerability in the reproductive axis, manifesting as severe spermatogenic impairment, including depletion of the spermatogonial stem cell pool, disruption of sperm chromatin remodeling, and consequent declines in sperm quality and quantity."
"In contrast, exposed females showed preserved ovarian function but displayed marked neurobehavioral deficits, including increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, and cognitive impairment, which were correlated with neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex."
Sex-Specific Vulnerability to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation-Induced Reproductive and Neurological Impairment in Mice
(2026) bioRxiv (preprint)